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The Uses of Ser and Estar If you want to know how to speak Spanish it is essential that you comprehend this topicof Spanish grammar. Despite the fact that the verbs ser and estar are equivalent to the verb to be in English, the meanings and makes use of for ser and estar vary greatly in Spanish. In an work to clarify the appropriate utilizes for these two verbs, this lesson explains the uses for every single verb, and how they differ. Ser (to be) Before we clarify the various makes use of for ser, let's evaluation the conjugations for ser in the present and imperfect tenses. Present Tense: Yo soy (I am) nosotros somos (we are) t eres (you are) ellos son (they are) l es (he is) ellas son (they are) ella es (she is) ustedes son (they are) usted es (you are) Imperfect Tense: Yo era (I used to be, was) nosotros ramos (we utilised to be, had been) t eras (you utilized to be, were) ellos eran (they utilised to be, had been) l era (he was) ellas eran (they employed to be, had been) ella era (she employed to be, were) ustedes eran (you used to be, had been) usted era (you utilized to be, had been) Uses for Ser: The most essential factor that must be understood about ser is that it embodies the aspect of the verb to be that it is definite, permanent, unchangeable, or inherent. Since of this, in Spanish ser is used to describe persons, professions, character elements, time, and nationalities. Every specific use for ser is explained below: a. To express a person, place, or thing's physical trait, personality, nationality, profession, or inherent condition. Physical traits of men and women and objects: Jorge es alto. (Jorge is tall.) Doris era flaca. (Doris was skinny.) La madre de Juan es bonita. (Juanita's mother is fairly.) La catedral es grande y vieja. (The cathedral is big and old.) Lima es una ciudad Peruana. (Lima is a Peruvian city.) La manzana es roja. (The apple is red.) Don Julio ya no es joven. Es anciano. (Mr. Julio is no longer young. He is a senior citizen.) Nationality/Citizenship: Yo soy Colombiana. (I am Colombian.) Tomasina era Dominicana. (Tomasina was Dominican/was a Dominican citizen.) l es hispano. (He is latino.) Character traits: Juan y Carla son inteligentes. (Juan and Carla are intelligent.) Los muchachos eran tmidos. (The boys were timid.) Mariana era humilde. (Mariana was humble.) T eres honesta. (You are sincere.) Professions: Tulia es una doctora famosa. (Tulia is a well-known doctor.) Mi abuelo era alcalde. (My grandfather was mayor.) Ellos son profesores. (They are professors.) Somos choferes. (We are drivers.) ramos choferes, pero ahora somos gerentes. (We were drivers, but now we are managers.) b. Ser is also utilised to express possession or the origin of an item. With this specific use, the verb ser is normally followed by de (of). For example: Este reloj es de Inglaterra. (This watch is from England.) El cuaderno es de Raquel. (The notebook is Raquel's.) La computadora de Roberto es de Alemania. (Roberto's laptop or computer is from Germany.) c. Ser is often employed to express the time. For instance: Qu hora es? (What time is it?) Son las siete y cuarto. (It is seven fifteen.) d. Ser is also employed for frequent impersonal expressions in Spanish associated to time. For instance: Es tarde. (It is late.) Es temprano. (It is early.) Es de noche. (It is night.) Estar (to be) In Spanish, the verb estar is utilised to express what is much more temporary, and changeable compared to ser. Let's assessment the conjugations for estar in the present and imperfect tenses: Present Tense: Yo estoy (I am) nosotros estmos (we are) t ests (you are) ellos estn (they are) l est (he is) ellas estn (they are) ella est (she is) ustedes estn (they are) usted est (you are) Imperfect Tense: Yo estaba (I utilised to be, was) nosotros estbamos (we used to be, were) t estabas (you utilized to be, were) ellos estaban (they used to be, were) l estaba (he was) ellas estaban (they utilised to be, were) ella estaba (she employed to be, had been) ustedes estaban (you used to be, were) usted estaba (you utilized to be, were) Makes use of for Estar: Compared to the permanence expressed in ser, estar is used to express situations, aspects, and traits that might change at any time. Every single distinct use for estar is explained below: a. To express feelings or emotions for a distinct moment. Juan Carlos est feliz hoy. (Juan Carlos is content nowadays.) Yo estoy satisfecha con mi trabajo. (I am happy with my job.) Marta estaba triste cuando habl con ella. (Marta was sad when I spoke with her.)

• It must be noted that in the above examples, the use of estar stresses the temporal nature of the emotions described. Nonetheless, if 1 desires to describe a person's nature as being pleased, or sad, the verb ser is then utilised due to the fact it reflects a much more permanent character trait.

For instance, the above example could modify from: Juan Carlos est feliz hoy. (Juan Carlos is pleased nowadays.) to: Juan Carlos es una persona feliz. (Juan Carlos is a pleased person.) b. To express a temporary or accidental aspect of a individual, place, or issue that can change. This contains one's state of well being. El caf est frio. (The coffee is cold.) Marcos est en el parque. (Marcos is in the park.) Mi cuaderno est en la escuela. (My notebook is at school.) Milagros est enferma. (Milagros is sick.) Cmo est usted? (How are you?) c. To express location. Dnde est el museo? (Exactly where is the museum?) El museo est en la Calle Federal. (The museum is on Federal Street.) Dnde est el banco? (Where is the bank?) El banco est lejos de aqu. (The bank is far from here.) Now that we have examined the different uses for ser and estar, let's try a couple of exercises. Translate the following into Spanish. The answers adhere to the workout. 1. Pablo is intelligent. 2. The water is hot. three. Where are the young children? 4. We had been great students. 5. It is twelve noon. 6. We are very happy these days. 7. They are Mexican. eight. They are in Mexico. 9. She is in the hospital. ten. The hospital is in San Diego. 1. Pablo es inteligente. two. El agua est caliente. 3. Dnde estn los nios? 4. ramos estudiantes buenos. five. Son las doce del medio da. 6. Estamos contentos hoy. 7. Ellos son Mexicanos. 8. Ellos estn en Mxico. 9. Ella est en el hospital. ten. El hospital est en San Diego. wholesale good exercises to lose weight